Valve high-speed common problems

In general, large pressure differentials produce high speeds through the valve or in downstream lines. While in liquid operation it generates turbulence and vibration on its own and produces high noise levels in gas operations. Speed ​​is inversely proportional to the pressure loss and is obtained as the stream moves to the constricted section, where the pressure reaches its maximum peak just after slightly passing the constricted section, where the pressure is at its lowest point. The following general rules apply to speed: liquids should generally not exceed 50 ft / s (15.2 m / s) (or 30 ft / s or 9 m / s when operated in cavitation); gas should not exceed Mach 1.0; gases and liquids The mixture (eg, flash operation) should not exceed 500 ft / s (152 m / s). This principle can be varied (in terms of valve size), eg small size valves can handle higher speeds normally, while larger valves can only handle lower flow rates. In general, the process liquid must maintain a velocity of less than or equal to 30 ft / s (9 m / s) when the temperature of the process liquid approaches saturation to prevent the fluid pressure from decreasing below the vapor pressure and creating cavitation. This 30 ft / s rule also applies to cavitated operations, where higher velocities result in larger cavitation damage to downstream lines. Lower speeds will also reduce flash and wear problems.

Pressure Vessel Plate

Pressure vessel and boiler quality steel are commonly found throughout the oil industry (including inshore and offshore), the petrochemical industry and the gas production industry. The companies in these industries set the highest demands in terms of quality, testing and conditions of supply, and we have all the necessary expertise to meet these demands.

In recognition of the increasing need for pressure vessel Steel Plate to demonstrate HIC Resistant properties. Our product is also particularly suited for pressure equipment where wet H2S corrosion can be a problem.

Pressure vessel steel plate covers a range of steel grades that are designed for use in pressure vessel, boilers, heat exchanges and any other vessel that contains a gas or liquid at high pressures.

Familiar examples include gas cylinders for cooking and for welding, oxygen cylinders for diving and many of the large metallic tanks that you see in an oil refinery or chemical plant.

There is a huge range of different chemicals and liquid that that stored and processed under pressure. These range from relatively benign substances such as milk and palm oil to crude oil and natural gas and their distillates to highly lethal acids and chemicals such as methyl isocyanate. So of these processes need the gas or liquid to be very hot, whilst others contain it at very low temperatures. As a result there is a wide variety of different pressure vessel steel grades that meet the different use cases.

In general these can be divided into three groups. There is a group of carbon steel pressure vessel grades. These are standard steels and can cope with many applications where there is low corrosion and low heat. As heat and corrosion have more effect on the steel plates chromium, molybdenum and nickel are added to provide additional resistance.

The manufacture of pressure vessels is tightly regulated as a result of the risks involved and as a consequence the materials that can be used in vessels is also tightly specified. The most common specifications for pressure vessel steels are the EN10028 standards – which are European in origin – and the the ASME/ASTM standards which are from the US.

Our strength is in the very high specification pressure vessel steel plate used in the oil and gas industry and specifically in steel plate resistant to Hydrogen Induced Cracking (HIC).

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Shandong Guanzhou Iron and Steel Group Co., Ltd. , https://www.guanzhouiron.com