The life span of die-casting die made of general domestic H13 steel is 30,000 to 50,000 die, while the lifespan of imported die casting die made of H13 steel is 200,000 times.
The production practice has proved that the Chinese mold steel industry, which has grown in size, still does not go beyond the “big but not strong†circle.
“China's ordinary die steel is now surplus, but the high-end, precision and long-life fine die steel still has a considerable gap with foreign countries, and the difference is mainly in the cleanliness index.†Academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and Deputy Chief Engineer of the Machinery Science Research Institute Chen Yunbo said.
High-end market "hand in hand"
The research report of China Special Steel Enterprises Association pointed out that the quality of foreign mold steel is mainly reflected in the purity, uniformity, fine structure, and precise dimensions. For example, there are up to 8 standard control indicators for H13 steels in foreign countries, and only 3 standards for China's standards. The cleanliness, annealing organization, and impact toughness index are adopted by foreign standards, but Chinese standards have not been adopted.
Reporters learned that about 20% of the annual, about 100,000 tons of fine mold steel needs to be imported, it almost occupies the high-end market of the entire mold steel. And the price of imported mold steel is several times or more than ten times higher than that of similar domestic products.
The report of the Special Steel Enterprise Association also pointed out that due to the fact that domestic alloy die steels have a certain gap compared with the international advanced level in Sweden, Germany, the United States, Japan, and France, in terms of variety, quality, size and performance, etc. It is still difficult to meet the market demand, resulting in China's annual consumption of nearly 60 billion yuan to import about 100,000 tons of fine mold steel.
“The fine tool steels used by domestic users are mainly purchased from Udegheim and Hitachi, Japan,†said a person in charge of a mold manufacturing company.
Relevant person in charge of the special steel company stated that “The smelting and processing equipments of the special steel companies are not much different from the foreign professional manufacturers. The major differences are heat treatment equipment and machining equipment, which determines the domestic mold steel products. The lack of quality and branding has determined that the price and added value of domestic mold steel products have lagged far behind foreign mold steel products. This is also the urgent need for domestic metallurgical enterprises to adjust their links."
Relative stagnation of new product research and development The deputy secretary-general of the China Die and Mould Industry Association Qin Hao said that in recent years, China’s steel demand has grown at a rate of 20%, but China’s mold steel production has not increased significantly. In 2009, China’s mold industry was 98 billion yuan. The sales value, as well as the production value of billions of molds for large enterprises of each host, are incommensurate with the ability of China's mold steel production in 2010 to reach 1 million tons.
Qin Hao believes that with the continuous development of China's mold industry, for high-grade mold steel imports continue to climb, it is expected that the mold steel imports will also increase significantly, especially the mold cavity part of the mold steel imports in a short period of time is very Difficult to change, China's mold steel imports mainly from Japan, Germany, Sweden, Austria, South Korea and other countries.
The die steel basically consists of three series: hot die steel, cold die steel and plastic die steel. The development trend of domestic and foreign die steels is in the direction of high purity, high tropism, high toughness, and high homogeneity.
Qin Hao introduced that in recent years, many foreign steel mills have introduced new types of steel with excellent performance. Such as hot die steel has done a lot of work, the new steel has a strong high-temperature performance, but also has a high toughness, has been the first choice for hot die.
“The development and promotion of new high-quality, long-life hot die steel steels in China is in a relatively stagnant state. The main performance is that there are fewer new mold materials with independent intellectual property rights, and the tool life is low, and mold companies are hard to find. A reliable new type of domestic mold steel to replace imported steel." Qin Hao said.
Qin Hao pointed out that although China also has a series of mold materials, but more repetitive steel types, the classification of crude, small quantities, steel quality and poor stability, there is no steel reliability, mold companies have concerns. China's die steel in the variety, specification, quality and performance and other aspects of the international advanced mold steel production there is still a certain gap, resulting in a considerable number of China's annual, high-grade mold special steel must be imported from abroad, from a certain point of view, Restricted the development of mold enterprises.
Instead of importing heavy duty, Qin Yuan said that China's manufacturing industry has entered a period of rapid development. In the next 5 to 10 years, the rapid development of the automobile, chemical, and electronics industries will drive the development of the machinery manufacturing industry, while the mold industry as the molding process equipment for machinery manufacturing parts products will have to be developed first, which will give mold materials. The space from which smelting quality, production technology and heat treatment technology can bring development.
"Generally speaking, mold materials account for about 20% of the mold's output value, but its quality will most directly affect the use and performance of molds. During the 12th Five-Year Plan period, on the one hand, the mold industry is bound to propose mold materials. Higher technical requirements, on the other hand, face long-term dependence on imports of a large number of mold materials to support the development of China's mold industry, and vigorously develop new technology, new techniques, and new varieties of mold materials in China is a difficult topic. Say.
Qin Hao said that the development of mold materials is a long-term system engineering that requires development, production, sales and technical services. More than 80% of China's die steel market is black bar, flat steel and pre-hardened die steel after treatment, most die steel still need to be used after forging, forging process control is not strict, internal quality Poor, steel utilization rate is low; although most of the domestic mold steel production plants have adopted advanced smelting equipment and processes, such as furnace refining, vacuum degassing, electroslag remelting, fine forging, etc., but with There is still a gap between foreign advanced mold steel production plants. Therefore, the die steel enterprises should increase the proportion of advanced technology used to produce die steel, strengthen the introduction of new technologies and new equipment, improve production processes, improve management, and produce high-purity die steel with good uniformity and large specifications.
"If we want to improve the quality and application technology of China's mold materials to a level close to that of Europe and Japan, we must also make long-term and arduous efforts." Qin Hao said.
The development of high-quality mold materials is the focus of Qin Qin believes that the development direction of China's mold steel is mainly reflected in the following aspects: First, the mold to the direction of high-precision large-scale development of the pre-hardened plastic mold steel without deformation and large-scale, large-tonnage The demand for mold steel continues to increase. The second is the development of high purity, high tropism, ultra-fine structure, and long life. The requirements for the service life of molds are getting higher and higher. The third is to develop in the direction of productization, as short as possible to shorten the mold processing cycle, so the mold steel production companies are required to provide machined or heat treated mold steel. The fourth is the development of series and individualization of die steel. With the continuous updating of products, higher requirements are also put forward on the properties of die steel, such as working temperature, corrosion resistance, cutting performance, etching performance, and polishing performance. Die steel is serialized according to different industrial and mining conditions and continues to meet individual requirements.
During the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, with the development of the mold manufacturing industry, new technical requirements have been put forward for the mold steel. The trend of diversification, enlargement, precision and pre-hardening of mold manufacturing also requires greater efforts in the development of special steels and vigorous development of high-quality domestic mold materials.
In the field of plastic mold steel, it is necessary to develop ultra-large specifications of automobile bumper pre-hardened plastic mold steel, super-large pre-hardened plastic mold steel module products with a single weight of 35 tons, to replace imports; to develop a large-scale precipitation hardening super mirror surface with a thickness of ≥ 400mm Plastic mold steel module; Development of new corrosion-resistant plastic mold steel, to meet the high requirements of special plastics (fluorine, chlorine, etc.) on the corrosion resistance of mold steel.
In hot work die steel, it is necessary to develop a new type of low-cost, high-life hot work die steel with independent intellectual property rights, to develop ultra-pure, homogeneous hot work die steel, extremely low S, P content and ultra-fine structure. The addition of alloying elements that have a red hardening effect increases the hardness of the mold at high temperatures and increases the service life of the hot die casting mold and the hot extrusion mold.
In the cold work mold steel, the mold material and surface treatment technology for cold stamping of high strength steel plate (tensile strength> 800 MPa) are required. Develop low alloy high strength, high wear resistance, high toughness cold work tool steel. Toughness and wear resistance are improved by lowering the carbon content and the total amount of alloying elements.
The production practice has proved that the Chinese mold steel industry, which has grown in size, still does not go beyond the “big but not strong†circle.
“China's ordinary die steel is now surplus, but the high-end, precision and long-life fine die steel still has a considerable gap with foreign countries, and the difference is mainly in the cleanliness index.†Academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and Deputy Chief Engineer of the Machinery Science Research Institute Chen Yunbo said.
High-end market "hand in hand"
The research report of China Special Steel Enterprises Association pointed out that the quality of foreign mold steel is mainly reflected in the purity, uniformity, fine structure, and precise dimensions. For example, there are up to 8 standard control indicators for H13 steels in foreign countries, and only 3 standards for China's standards. The cleanliness, annealing organization, and impact toughness index are adopted by foreign standards, but Chinese standards have not been adopted.
Reporters learned that about 20% of the annual, about 100,000 tons of fine mold steel needs to be imported, it almost occupies the high-end market of the entire mold steel. And the price of imported mold steel is several times or more than ten times higher than that of similar domestic products.
The report of the Special Steel Enterprise Association also pointed out that due to the fact that domestic alloy die steels have a certain gap compared with the international advanced level in Sweden, Germany, the United States, Japan, and France, in terms of variety, quality, size and performance, etc. It is still difficult to meet the market demand, resulting in China's annual consumption of nearly 60 billion yuan to import about 100,000 tons of fine mold steel.
“The fine tool steels used by domestic users are mainly purchased from Udegheim and Hitachi, Japan,†said a person in charge of a mold manufacturing company.
Relevant person in charge of the special steel company stated that “The smelting and processing equipments of the special steel companies are not much different from the foreign professional manufacturers. The major differences are heat treatment equipment and machining equipment, which determines the domestic mold steel products. The lack of quality and branding has determined that the price and added value of domestic mold steel products have lagged far behind foreign mold steel products. This is also the urgent need for domestic metallurgical enterprises to adjust their links."
Relative stagnation of new product research and development The deputy secretary-general of the China Die and Mould Industry Association Qin Hao said that in recent years, China’s steel demand has grown at a rate of 20%, but China’s mold steel production has not increased significantly. In 2009, China’s mold industry was 98 billion yuan. The sales value, as well as the production value of billions of molds for large enterprises of each host, are incommensurate with the ability of China's mold steel production in 2010 to reach 1 million tons.
Qin Hao believes that with the continuous development of China's mold industry, for high-grade mold steel imports continue to climb, it is expected that the mold steel imports will also increase significantly, especially the mold cavity part of the mold steel imports in a short period of time is very Difficult to change, China's mold steel imports mainly from Japan, Germany, Sweden, Austria, South Korea and other countries.
The die steel basically consists of three series: hot die steel, cold die steel and plastic die steel. The development trend of domestic and foreign die steels is in the direction of high purity, high tropism, high toughness, and high homogeneity.
Qin Hao introduced that in recent years, many foreign steel mills have introduced new types of steel with excellent performance. Such as hot die steel has done a lot of work, the new steel has a strong high-temperature performance, but also has a high toughness, has been the first choice for hot die.
“The development and promotion of new high-quality, long-life hot die steel steels in China is in a relatively stagnant state. The main performance is that there are fewer new mold materials with independent intellectual property rights, and the tool life is low, and mold companies are hard to find. A reliable new type of domestic mold steel to replace imported steel." Qin Hao said.
Qin Hao pointed out that although China also has a series of mold materials, but more repetitive steel types, the classification of crude, small quantities, steel quality and poor stability, there is no steel reliability, mold companies have concerns. China's die steel in the variety, specification, quality and performance and other aspects of the international advanced mold steel production there is still a certain gap, resulting in a considerable number of China's annual, high-grade mold special steel must be imported from abroad, from a certain point of view, Restricted the development of mold enterprises.
Instead of importing heavy duty, Qin Yuan said that China's manufacturing industry has entered a period of rapid development. In the next 5 to 10 years, the rapid development of the automobile, chemical, and electronics industries will drive the development of the machinery manufacturing industry, while the mold industry as the molding process equipment for machinery manufacturing parts products will have to be developed first, which will give mold materials. The space from which smelting quality, production technology and heat treatment technology can bring development.
"Generally speaking, mold materials account for about 20% of the mold's output value, but its quality will most directly affect the use and performance of molds. During the 12th Five-Year Plan period, on the one hand, the mold industry is bound to propose mold materials. Higher technical requirements, on the other hand, face long-term dependence on imports of a large number of mold materials to support the development of China's mold industry, and vigorously develop new technology, new techniques, and new varieties of mold materials in China is a difficult topic. Say.
Qin Hao said that the development of mold materials is a long-term system engineering that requires development, production, sales and technical services. More than 80% of China's die steel market is black bar, flat steel and pre-hardened die steel after treatment, most die steel still need to be used after forging, forging process control is not strict, internal quality Poor, steel utilization rate is low; although most of the domestic mold steel production plants have adopted advanced smelting equipment and processes, such as furnace refining, vacuum degassing, electroslag remelting, fine forging, etc., but with There is still a gap between foreign advanced mold steel production plants. Therefore, the die steel enterprises should increase the proportion of advanced technology used to produce die steel, strengthen the introduction of new technologies and new equipment, improve production processes, improve management, and produce high-purity die steel with good uniformity and large specifications.
"If we want to improve the quality and application technology of China's mold materials to a level close to that of Europe and Japan, we must also make long-term and arduous efforts." Qin Hao said.
The development of high-quality mold materials is the focus of Qin Qin believes that the development direction of China's mold steel is mainly reflected in the following aspects: First, the mold to the direction of high-precision large-scale development of the pre-hardened plastic mold steel without deformation and large-scale, large-tonnage The demand for mold steel continues to increase. The second is the development of high purity, high tropism, ultra-fine structure, and long life. The requirements for the service life of molds are getting higher and higher. The third is to develop in the direction of productization, as short as possible to shorten the mold processing cycle, so the mold steel production companies are required to provide machined or heat treated mold steel. The fourth is the development of series and individualization of die steel. With the continuous updating of products, higher requirements are also put forward on the properties of die steel, such as working temperature, corrosion resistance, cutting performance, etching performance, and polishing performance. Die steel is serialized according to different industrial and mining conditions and continues to meet individual requirements.
During the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, with the development of the mold manufacturing industry, new technical requirements have been put forward for the mold steel. The trend of diversification, enlargement, precision and pre-hardening of mold manufacturing also requires greater efforts in the development of special steels and vigorous development of high-quality domestic mold materials.
In the field of plastic mold steel, it is necessary to develop ultra-large specifications of automobile bumper pre-hardened plastic mold steel, super-large pre-hardened plastic mold steel module products with a single weight of 35 tons, to replace imports; to develop a large-scale precipitation hardening super mirror surface with a thickness of ≥ 400mm Plastic mold steel module; Development of new corrosion-resistant plastic mold steel, to meet the high requirements of special plastics (fluorine, chlorine, etc.) on the corrosion resistance of mold steel.
In hot work die steel, it is necessary to develop a new type of low-cost, high-life hot work die steel with independent intellectual property rights, to develop ultra-pure, homogeneous hot work die steel, extremely low S, P content and ultra-fine structure. The addition of alloying elements that have a red hardening effect increases the hardness of the mold at high temperatures and increases the service life of the hot die casting mold and the hot extrusion mold.
In the cold work mold steel, the mold material and surface treatment technology for cold stamping of high strength steel plate (tensile strength> 800 MPa) are required. Develop low alloy high strength, high wear resistance, high toughness cold work tool steel. Toughness and wear resistance are improved by lowering the carbon content and the total amount of alloying elements.
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