China's nine major agricultural regions will need this "four major strategies" to get rid of the contradictions.

[China Agricultural Machinery Industry News] In order to deeply study the impact of China's modernization on the ecological environment, we are divided into nine major agricultural areas divided by traditional national comprehensive agricultural divisions, namely: Huanghuaihai District, the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, Inner Mongolia and the Great Wall along the Loess The plateau area, South China area, Ganxin area, northeast area, southwest area, and Qinghai-Tibet area are the research units, and a multi-index comprehensive evaluation model is established.

China's nine major agricultural regions will need this "four major strategies" to get rid of the contradictions.

The data of 31 indicators including 5 agricultural development, resource environment and environment in the 9 major agricultural regions from 2007 to 2011 were collected, and an index system was constructed to quantitatively evaluate the development level of regional agricultural modernization and its coercive effect on agricultural resources and environment. The results show that between 2007 and 2011, the gap between agricultural modernization levels in various regions has not narrowed; all regions are generally faced with agricultural modernization and imbalance of agricultural resources and environment; agricultural development in Gansu and Northeast China has increased the stress on resources and environment; the Loess Plateau region, The Huanghuaihai area has eased.

Studies have shown that, except for the southwestern region and the Qinghai-Tibet region, there is an overload of agricultural resources and environmental protection pressures in the agricultural modernization development of all major regions (dustress >1). From the perspective of water resources, agricultural development has a greater coercion on water resources along the areas along Ganxin District, Huanghuaihai District, Northeast China, Inner Mongolia and the Great Wall. Judging from the five-year change of cultivated land retention rate, Ganxin District and Qinghai-Tibet Area have recovered in the past five years. The Huanghuaihai Area, Inner Mongolia and the Great Wall along the Loess Plateau have also recovered. From the point of view of non-point source pollution, the total nitrogen, total phosphorus and COD emission intensity of Huanghuaihai area is the highest, and the pollution of pesticides and agricultural film is also relatively large. This is related to the high intensity of planting industry in Huanghuaihai area, and also with vegetables, The proportion of economic crops such as fruits and fruits is relatively large. The intensity of pesticide use in South China and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River is also very large.

The above analysis shows that China's regional agricultural development still has not got rid of the path of “first development and post-governance”. The main contradiction of regional agricultural development is: the problem of loss of cultivated land in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River is serious, and the intensity of chemical input is high; Gansu District has a shortage of water resources and serious mulch film residue; water shortage in northeastern region (but the growth rate of water-consuming crop rice is too fast); shortage of water resources along the Inner Mongolia and Great Wall areas, rapid loss of cultivated land resources; planting and aquaculture in Huanghuaihai area The non-point source pollution is serious and the water resources are short; the loss of cultivated land resources in South China is too fast, and the agricultural non-point source pollution is serious.

In terms of regional planting and structural adjustment, the first is to implement the “rice-stable northward stability” strategy. The rice planting area in the well irrigation area in Northeast China should be gradually contracted, focusing on improving the level of rice intensification in Jianghe Lake irrigation area and improving product quality. The northwest area should greatly reduce rice planting. In the future, it will focus on the construction of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and the southwest rice-producing areas, and restore water and heat. Rice planting in South China with high resource matching.

The second is to implement the strategy of “stable north and control the south” of corn. In view of the situation that the southwestern region is planting corn on sloping farmland and causing serious damage to the agro-ecology, appropriate measures should be taken to compress the corn planting in the area and turn to ecological forestry and multifunctional agriculture. The dominant position of the spring maize area in the northeastern region and the summer maize area in the Huanghuaihai area should be consolidated, the planting area of ​​special corn and forage corn should be increased steadily, the infrastructure construction of farmland should be strengthened, the irrigation and drainage conditions should be improved, and the whole process of mechanization should be vigorously promoted to improve the yield level of corn. Shrinking corn in the northern semi-arid region.

The third is to implement the “vegetable regional balance” strategy. China's per capita annual vegetable occupation is the world, and the chemical input intensity of vegetable cultivation is much higher than that of food. Therefore, it is recommended to reduce the planting area and intensity of vegetable cultivation in areas such as the Huanghuaihai area and reduce the intensity of non-point source pollution; reduce the area and scale of the southern vegetable transportation in South China; consolidate the winter and spring vegetable base in the southwest, the Loess Plateau, and Gan The Xiaqiu vegetable base in the new district promotes standardization and facility production, ensuring the balance of total vegetable supply, season, region and variety.

The fourth is to implement the strategy of “breeding westward and northward”. China's aquaculture industry is highly concentrated in the Huanghuaihai area, the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and the southwestern region. These areas are densely populated, and the impact of non-point source pollution on the agricultural environment and human settlements is very obvious. In the future adjustment of the layout of the aquaculture industry, the diffusion strategy to the northeastern region, Inner Mongolia and the Great Wall area, the Loess Plateau Region and the Ganxin District should be implemented.