Drying is one of the ways to keep the material from spoilage. There are many ways to dry, such as drying, boiling, drying, spray drying and vacuum drying. However, these drying methods are performed at a temperature of 0° C. or more. The dried product is generally reduced in size and hardened. Some substances are oxidized, and some of the volatile components are lost. Drying causes the material to shrink and damage cells. The structure of the sample will not be destroyed during freeze-drying because the solid component is supported by the hard ice in its place. When ice sublimates, it leaves pores in the dry residue, thus preserving the biological and chemical structure of the product and the integrity of its activity.
The freeze-drying method is different from the above drying method. The drying of the product is basically performed at a temperature of 0°C or less, that is, in a state of frozen product, until the later stage, in order to further reduce the residual moisture content of the product, the product is raised to 0 °C above the temperature. Freezing and vacuum drying process is to mix all objects into pure objects, which can keep the original ingredients and active ingredients and material form of the materials from being damaged. Using the principle of vacuum freeze-drying, it has compact and reasonable structure, convenient maintenance, low cost, automatic control and easy operation.
In the laboratory, lyophilization has many different uses and it is indispensable in many biochemical and pharmaceutical applications. It is used to obtain biological materials that can be stored for a long time, such as microbial cultures, enzymes, blood and medicines. Freeze-drying is also used in chemical analysis, it can get a dry sample, or concentrate the sample to increase analytical sensitivity. Freeze-drying makes the sample components stable without changing the chemical composition, and is an ideal analytical aid.
After starting the vacuum freeze dryer, the whole material is put into the material box for freezing. The freezing process of the material: on the one hand, a vacuum is used to pull a part of the water away from the vacuum, and on the other hand, when the material is frozen, certain molecules are removed. The surface of the water cuts into the material freezes. After reaching the freezing requirement, the material is heated and dried by the heating system, and the moisture contained in the material is brought to the frozen trapping box through vacuum to achieve the requirements of freeze-drying of the material.
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