Thin film solar cell

At present, crystalline silicon solar cells are widely used, occupying the main market of solar cells. However, crystals are currently widely used in crystalline silicon solar cells, occupying the main market for solar cells. However, crystalline silicon solar cells have inherent weaknesses: the forbidden band width of silicon materials is Eg=1.12eV, and the solar photovoltaic conversion efficiency is relatively low; the silicon material is an indirect band material, and the light absorption coefficient of silicon is far in the visible range. Far less than other solar photovoltaic materials, such as the same absorption of 95% of sunlight, GaAs solar cells only need 5 to 10 microns thickness, while silicon solar cells require more than 150 microns thickness; therefore, when preparing crystalline silicon solar cells The thickness of the silicon wafer is 150-200 microns or more to effectively absorb solar energy; the crystalline silicon material needs to be purified several times, and the relative cost is relatively high; the size of the silicon solar cell is relatively small, and if the photovoltaic system is composed, it is necessary to use dozens of the same The silicon solar cells are connected together, resulting in higher system cost. Therefore, thin-film solar cells have attracted people's interest and have a certain degree of industrial application.

Heat Treated Steel Bar And Tube

HEAT TREATED STEEL BAR AND TUBE

Heat treated steel bar is produced by heating and cooling in different temperature based on the steel grades to improve the steel bar mechanical properties or machinability for various industrial applications. Heat treated steel bar includes annealed steel bars, Normalized Steel Bar, quenched and temper qt steel bar.

Annealed Steel Bar has better ductility and lower hardness, which can be easier to be machined. The annealing processing is usually widely used for steel grade with higher carbon content above 0.5%. However, some low carbon steel also requires to do annealing for special usage such as 20CrMnTi gear steel. For some special material such as 20CrMnTi gear steel and GCr15 such bearing steel, spheroidizing annealing is often required.

Normalized steel bar sometime is also one kind of annealing processing. It mainly changes the grain to remove the impurities in steel and improves the strength and hardness. For some hot rolled steel bars, to keep the basic mechanical properties, normalizing is often used.

Quenching and Tempering, abbreviated as Q&T is a king of processing that strengthen or harden steel bars by heating the materials and then cooling in water, oil or other liquid medium, that rapidly the change from austenite to perlite to get the proper properties for various usage. The quenched & tempered steel bar materials are usually with carbon from 0.30% - 0.60%, it is widely used as merchant bars in components of various machines.

Our advantages on producing heat treated steel bars:

1) Big stocks of hot rolled round bars or wire rods as raw materials

2) Wide range of Cold Drawn Steel Bar sizes: from 10mm to 150mm

3) Different cold drawing medias powder or oil to get different surface

4) Straightening machines to get better straightness up to 0.5mm/m

5) Grinding and polishing machines to get better roughness upto 0.4um

6) Heat treating furnaces to adjust the mechanical properties

7) Full sets of testing equipment to test the sizes, mechanical properties and microstructure.

8) Multiple packages to avoid broken packages and anti-rusty

4140 steel tube,Round Steel Tubing,Heat Treated Steel Tube,Heat Treated Steel Bar And Tube,S355JR steel tube

SHANDONG LE REN SPECIAL STEEL CO., LTD. , https://www.sdcolddrawnsteelbar.com